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• The solar charge controller regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels going to the batteries
• The Batteries  store DC energy generated by the solar panels.  Most solar batteries are deep-cycle cells, allowing them to be less susceptible to degradation as a result of regular cycling.
• The Inverter converts the DC  energy of battery to AC  that can be fed into AC electrical loads.
• DC loads do not require  the inverter, instead can be directly connected to the DC  energy storage like the battery.